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\begin_body
\begin_layout Title
Stoječe valovanje na vrvi
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\begin_layout Author
\noun on
Anton Luka Šijanec
\end_layout
\begin_layout Date
25.
januar 2023
\end_layout
\begin_layout Abstract
Poročilo sedme vaje pri predmetu
\noun on
F41
\noun default
na Gimnaziji Bežigrad v 4.
letniku.
Vaja je potekala 8.
decembra 2022.
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LatexCommand tableofcontents
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\begin_layout Section
Naloga
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
S stoječim valovanjem ugotovi, kako je hitrost valovanja na vrvi odvisna
od sile, ki napenja vrv.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
Potrebščine
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
brnač
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
ŠMI
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
vezna žica (2)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
prižema s škripcem
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
vrvica (2)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
uteži po
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{10}{\gram}$
\end_inset
(6)
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
Potek dela
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
En konec debelejše vrvice pritrdi na brnač, ki vzbuja na vrvici nihanje
s stalno frekvenco
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{50}{\hertz}$
\end_inset
.
Brnač priključiš na ŠMI na izmenično napetost
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{2}{\volt}$
\end_inset
.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
Drugi konec vrvice napelji preko škripca in obesi nanjo kaveljček za uteži
in eno utež (skupna masa
\begin_inset Formula $\SI{20}{\gram}$
\end_inset
).
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
Ko vključiš ŠMI, da brnač zaniha, počasi spreminjaj dolžino vrvice med brnačem
in škripcem tako, da dobiš na vrvici lepo stoječe valovanje.
Določi valovno dolžino tega stoječega valovanja.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
Postopoma dodajaj uteži na kaveljček, vsakič poišči ustrezne stoječe valovanje
te določi valovno dolžino.
Vse meritve zapisuj v ustrezno tabelo.
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|
\begin_inset Text
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\begin_inset Formula $\frac{\lambda}{2}\left[\si{\meter}\right]$
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|
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\begin_inset Formula $m\left[\si{\gram}\right]$
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|
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0,14
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Meritve debele vrvice
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Meritve tanke vrvice
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LatexCommand label
name "enu:Tabelo-dopolni-tako,"
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Tabelo dopolni tako, da bo iz nje razvidno, kako se hitrost valovanja na
vrvi spreminja s silo, ki napenja vrvico.
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Nariši graf, ki kaže odvisnost iz točke
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reference "enu:Tabelo-dopolni-tako,"
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caps "false"
noprefix "false"
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, ter z besedami in/ali z enačbo povej, za kakšno odvisnost gre.
Svojo trditev tudi preveri z dodatnim grafom ali računsko.
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begin{axis}[width=0.75
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\backslash
addplot[only marks] table [x=sila, y=lambda, col sep=comma] {debela.csv};
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addlegendentry{debela}
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%
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LatexCommand label
name "fig:graf-1"
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Odvisnost valovne dolžine od sile, s katero je vrvica napeta.
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begin{lstlisting}
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set datafile separator ','
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fit (x*p+c)
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debela.csv" using 4:5 via p, c
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end{lstlisting}
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\[
f=\frac{v=\sqrt{\frac{T}{m/L}}}{2L}=\sqrt{\frac{T}{L^{2}4m/L}}=\sqrt{\frac{T}{4mL}}\to f^{2}=\frac{T}{4mL}\to4mlf^{2}=T\to f\sqrt{4mL}=\sqrt{T}
\]
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LatexCommand cite
key "hpstrings"
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\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Enumerate
\begin_inset Formula $f$
\end_inset
je frekvenca nihanja
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
\begin_inset Formula $v$
\end_inset
je hitrost potujočega valovanja po vrvi
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\begin_layout Enumerate
\begin_inset Formula $m$
\end_inset
je masa vrvice dolžine
\begin_inset Formula $L$
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\begin_layout Enumerate
\begin_inset Formula $T$
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je sila, s katero je vrvica napeta
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\begin_layout Enumerate
\begin_inset Formula $L$
\end_inset
je dolžina vrvice
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Če imaš čas, ponovi cel postopek še s tanjšo vrvico.
Odvisnost iz točke
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LatexCommand ref
reference "enu:Tabelo-dopolni-tako,"
plural "false"
caps "false"
noprefix "false"
\end_inset
nariši v isti koordinatni sistem kot za debelejšo vrvico ter komentiraj
rezultat.
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
Valovna dolžina tanjše vrvi je za faktor
\begin_inset Formula $ž$
\end_inset
večja od debelejše vrvi.
V idealnem primeru bi na to vplivala njena dolžinska gostota, saj drži
\begin_inset Formula $m\propto f$
\end_inset
.
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LatexCommand bibtex
btprint "btPrintCited"
bibfiles "/root/projects/sola-gimb-4/citati"
options "bibtotoc,plain"
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Uporabljen program
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lstinputlisting[language=Python]{tab.py}
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