3 files changed, 974 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
index 14b76680f..63577a9c5 100644
--- a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     textures/decoders.cpp
     textures/decoders.h
     textures/texture.h
+    texture_cache.cpp
+    texture_cache.h
     video_core.cpp
     video_core.h
 )
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/texture_cache.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e96eba7cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/cityhash.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromDepthFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget;
+using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromTexture;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromDepthFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromTextureFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTargetFromTextureType;
+
+constexpr u32 GetMipmapSize(bool uncompressed, u32 mip_size, u32 tile) {
+    return uncompressed ? mip_size : std::max(1U, (mip_size + tile - 1) / tile);
+}
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(Core::System& system,
+                                              const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config) {
+    SurfaceParams params;
+    params.is_tiled = config.tic.IsTiled();
+    params.block_width = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockWidth() : 0,
+    params.block_height = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockHeight() : 0,
+    params.block_depth = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockDepth() : 0,
+    params.tile_width_spacing = params.is_tiled ? (1 << config.tic.tile_width_spacing.Value()) : 1;
+    params.pixel_format =
+        PixelFormatFromTextureFormat(config.tic.format, config.tic.r_type.Value(), false);
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromTexture(config.tic.r_type.Value());
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    params.target = SurfaceTargetFromTextureType(config.tic.texture_type);
+    params.width = Common::AlignUp(config.tic.Width(), GetCompressionFactor(params.pixel_format));
+    params.height = Common::AlignUp(config.tic.Height(), GetCompressionFactor(params.pixel_format));
+    params.depth = config.tic.Depth();
+    if (params.target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap ||
+        params.target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray) {
+        params.depth *= 6;
+    }
+    params.pitch = params.is_tiled ? 0 : config.tic.Pitch();
+    params.unaligned_height = config.tic.Height();
+    params.num_levels = config.tic.max_mip_level + 1;
+
+    params.CalculateCachedValues();
+    return params;
+}
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForDepthBuffer(
+    Core::System& system, u32 zeta_width, u32 zeta_height, Tegra::DepthFormat format,
+    u32 block_width, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth,
+    Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout type) {
+    SurfaceParams params;
+    params.is_tiled = type == Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout::BlockLinear;
+    params.block_width = 1 << std::min(block_width, 5U);
+    params.block_height = 1 << std::min(block_height, 5U);
+    params.block_depth = 1 << std::min(block_depth, 5U);
+    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
+    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromDepthFormat(format);
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromDepthFormat(format);
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    params.width = zeta_width;
+    params.height = zeta_height;
+    params.unaligned_height = zeta_height;
+    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    params.depth = 1;
+    params.num_levels = 1;
+
+    params.CalculateCachedValues();
+    return params;
+}
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(Core::System& system, std::size_t index) {
+    const auto& config{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs.rt[index]};
+    SurfaceParams params;
+    params.is_tiled =
+        config.memory_layout.type == Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout::BlockLinear;
+    params.block_width = 1 << config.memory_layout.block_width;
+    params.block_height = 1 << config.memory_layout.block_height;
+    params.block_depth = 1 << config.memory_layout.block_depth;
+    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
+    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(config.format);
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget(config.format);
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    if (params.is_tiled) {
+        params.width = config.width;
+    } else {
+        const u32 bpp = GetFormatBpp(params.pixel_format) / CHAR_BIT;
+        params.pitch = config.width;
+        params.width = params.pitch / bpp;
+    }
+    params.height = config.height;
+    params.depth = 1;
+    params.unaligned_height = config.height;
+    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    params.num_levels = 1;
+
+    params.CalculateCachedValues();
+    return params;
+}
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(
+    const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config) {
+    SurfaceParams params{};
+    params.is_tiled = !config.linear;
+    params.block_width = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockWidth(), 32U) : 0,
+    params.block_height = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockHeight(), 32U) : 0,
+    params.block_depth = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockDepth(), 32U) : 0,
+    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
+    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(config.format);
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget(config.format);
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    params.width = config.width;
+    params.height = config.height;
+    params.unaligned_height = config.height;
+    // TODO(Rodrigo): Try to guess the surface target from depth and layer parameters
+    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    params.depth = 1;
+    params.num_levels = 1;
+
+    params.CalculateCachedValues();
+    return params;
+}
+
+u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipWidth(u32 level) const {
+    return std::max(1U, width >> level);
+}
+
+u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipHeight(u32 level) const {
+    return std::max(1U, height >> level);
+}
+
+u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipDepth(u32 level) const {
+    return IsLayered() ? depth : std::max(1U, depth >> level);
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsLayered() const {
+    switch (target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipBlockHeight(u32 level) const {
+    // Auto block resizing algorithm from:
+    // https://cgit.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/tree/src/gallium/drivers/nouveau/nv50/nv50_miptree.c
+    if (level == 0) {
+        return block_height;
+    }
+    const u32 height{GetMipHeight(level)};
+    const u32 default_block_height{GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format)};
+    const u32 blocks_in_y{(height + default_block_height - 1) / default_block_height};
+    u32 block_height = 16;
+    while (block_height > 1 && blocks_in_y <= block_height * 4) {
+        block_height >>= 1;
+    }
+    return block_height;
+}
+
+u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipBlockDepth(u32 level) const {
+    if (level == 0)
+        return block_depth;
+    if (target != SurfaceTarget::Texture3D)
+        return 1;
+
+    const u32 depth{GetMipDepth(level)};
+    u32 block_depth = 32;
+    while (block_depth > 1 && depth * 2 <= block_depth) {
+        block_depth >>= 1;
+    }
+    if (block_depth == 32 && GetMipBlockHeight(level) >= 4) {
+        return 16;
+    }
+    return block_depth;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const {
+    std::size_t offset = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < level; i++) {
+        offset += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(i, false, IsLayered(), false);
+    }
+    return offset;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const {
+    std::size_t offset = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < level; i++) {
+        offset += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(i, true, false, false);
+    }
+    return offset;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetGuestLayerSize() const {
+    return GetInnerMemorySize(false, true, false);
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetHostLayerSize(u32 level) const {
+    return GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, true, IsLayered(), false);
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsFamiliar(const SurfaceParams& view_params) const {
+    if (std::tie(is_tiled, tile_width_spacing, pixel_format, component_type, type) !=
+        std::tie(view_params.is_tiled, view_params.tile_width_spacing, view_params.pixel_format,
+                 view_params.component_type, view_params.type)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const SurfaceTarget view_target{view_params.target};
+    if (view_target == target) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    switch (target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+        return false;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture1D;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D ||
+               view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray;
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D ||
+               view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray ||
+               view_target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap;
+    default:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented texture family={}", static_cast<u32>(target));
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsPixelFormatZeta() const {
+    return pixel_format >= VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::MaxColorFormat &&
+           pixel_format < VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::MaxDepthStencilFormat;
+}
+
+void SurfaceParams::CalculateCachedValues() {
+    guest_size_in_bytes = GetInnerMemorySize(false, false, false);
+
+    // ASTC is uncompressed in software, in emulated as RGBA8
+    if (IsPixelFormatASTC(pixel_format)) {
+        host_size_in_bytes = width * height * depth * 4;
+    } else {
+        host_size_in_bytes = GetInnerMemorySize(true, false, false);
+    }
+
+    switch (target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+        num_layers = 1;
+        break;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+        num_layers = depth;
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+    }
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(u32 level, bool as_host_size, bool layer_only,
+                                                    bool uncompressed) const {
+    const bool tiled{as_host_size ? false : is_tiled};
+    const u32 tile_x{GetDefaultBlockWidth(pixel_format)};
+    const u32 tile_y{GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format)};
+    const u32 width{GetMipmapSize(uncompressed, GetMipWidth(level), tile_x)};
+    const u32 height{GetMipmapSize(uncompressed, GetMipHeight(level), tile_y)};
+    const u32 depth{layer_only ? 1U : GetMipDepth(level)};
+    return Tegra::Texture::CalculateSize(tiled, GetBytesPerPixel(pixel_format), width, height,
+                                         depth, GetMipBlockHeight(level), GetMipBlockDepth(level));
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetInnerMemorySize(bool as_host_size, bool layer_only,
+                                              bool uncompressed) const {
+    std::size_t size = 0;
+    for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
+        size += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, as_host_size, layer_only, uncompressed);
+    }
+    if (!as_host_size && is_tiled) {
+        size = Common::AlignUp(size, Tegra::Texture::GetGOBSize() * block_height * block_depth);
+    }
+    return size;
+}
+
+std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> SurfaceParams::CreateViewOffsetMap() const {
+    std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> view_offset_map;
+    switch (target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D: {
+        constexpr u32 layer = 0;
+        for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
+            const std::size_t offset{GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(level)};
+            view_offset_map.insert({offset, {layer, level}});
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray: {
+        const std::size_t layer_size{GetGuestLayerSize()};
+        for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
+            const std::size_t level_offset{GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(level)};
+            for (u32 layer = 0; layer < num_layers; ++layer) {
+                const auto layer_offset{static_cast<std::size_t>(layer_size * layer)};
+                const std::size_t offset{level_offset + layer_offset};
+                view_offset_map.insert({offset, {layer, level}});
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    default:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented surface target {}", static_cast<u32>(target));
+    }
+    return view_offset_map;
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsViewValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const {
+    return IsDimensionValid(view_params, level) && IsDepthValid(view_params, level) &&
+           IsInBounds(view_params, layer, level);
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsDimensionValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const {
+    return view_params.width == GetMipWidth(level) && view_params.height == GetMipHeight(level);
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsDepthValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const {
+    if (view_params.target != SurfaceTarget::Texture3D) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return view_params.depth == GetMipDepth(level);
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsInBounds(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const {
+    return layer + view_params.num_layers <= num_layers &&
+           level + view_params.num_levels <= num_levels;
+}
+
+std::size_t HasheableSurfaceParams::Hash() const {
+    return static_cast<std::size_t>(
+        Common::CityHash64(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this)));
+}
+
+bool HasheableSurfaceParams::operator==(const HasheableSurfaceParams& rhs) const {
+    return std::tie(is_tiled, block_width, block_height, block_depth, tile_width_spacing, width,
+                    height, depth, pitch, unaligned_height, num_levels, pixel_format,
+                    component_type, type, target) ==
+           std::tie(rhs.is_tiled, rhs.block_width, rhs.block_height, rhs.block_depth,
+                    rhs.tile_width_spacing, rhs.width, rhs.height, rhs.depth, rhs.pitch,
+                    rhs.unaligned_height, rhs.num_levels, rhs.pixel_format, rhs.component_type,
+                    rhs.type, rhs.target);
+}
+
+std::size_t ViewKey::Hash() const {
+    return static_cast<std::size_t>(
+        Common::CityHash64(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this)));
+}
+
+bool ViewKey::operator==(const ViewKey& rhs) const {
+    return std::tie(base_layer, num_layers, base_level, num_levels) ==
+           std::tie(rhs.base_layer, rhs.num_layers, rhs.base_level, rhs.num_levels);
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..041551691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache.h
@@ -0,0 +1,586 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <list>
+#include <memory>
+#include <set>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include <boost/icl/interval_map.hpp>
+#include <boost/range/iterator_range.hpp>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/memory.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
+namespace Tegra::Texture {
+struct FullTextureInfo;
+}
+
+namespace VideoCore {
+class RasterizerInterface;
+}
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+class HasheableSurfaceParams {
+public:
+    std::size_t Hash() const;
+
+    bool operator==(const HasheableSurfaceParams& rhs) const;
+
+protected:
+    // Avoid creation outside of a managed environment.
+    HasheableSurfaceParams() = default;
+
+    bool is_tiled;
+    u32 block_width;
+    u32 block_height;
+    u32 block_depth;
+    u32 tile_width_spacing;
+    u32 width;
+    u32 height;
+    u32 depth;
+    u32 pitch;
+    u32 unaligned_height;
+    u32 num_levels;
+    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format;
+    VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType component_type;
+    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType type;
+    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget target;
+};
+
+class SurfaceParams final : public HasheableSurfaceParams {
+public:
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a texture configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForTexture(Core::System& system,
+                                          const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config);
+
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams for a depth buffer configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForDepthBuffer(
+        Core::System& system, u32 zeta_width, u32 zeta_height, Tegra::DepthFormat format,
+        u32 block_width, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth,
+        Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout type);
+
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a framebuffer configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForFramebuffer(Core::System& system, std::size_t index);
+
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a Fermi2D surface configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForFermiCopySurface(
+        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config);
+
+    bool IsTiled() const {
+        return is_tiled;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetBlockWidth() const {
+        return block_width;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetTileWidthSpacing() const {
+        return tile_width_spacing;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetWidth() const {
+        return width;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetHeight() const {
+        return height;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetDepth() const {
+        return depth;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetPitch() const {
+        return pitch;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetNumLevels() const {
+        return num_levels;
+    }
+
+    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat GetPixelFormat() const {
+        return pixel_format;
+    }
+
+    VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType GetComponentType() const {
+        return component_type;
+    }
+
+    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget GetTarget() const {
+        return target;
+    }
+
+    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType GetType() const {
+        return type;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetGuestSizeInBytes() const {
+        return guest_size_in_bytes;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetHostSizeInBytes() const {
+        return host_size_in_bytes;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetNumLayers() const {
+        return num_layers;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the width of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipWidth(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the height of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipHeight(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the depth of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipDepth(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns true if these parameters are from a layered surface.
+    bool IsLayered() const;
+
+    /// Returns the block height of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipBlockHeight(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the block depth of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipBlockDepth(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the offset in bytes in guest memory of a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the offset in bytes in host memory (linear) of a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the size of a layer in bytes in guest memory.
+    std::size_t GetGuestLayerSize() const;
+
+    /// Returns the size of a layer in bytes in host memory for a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetHostLayerSize(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns true if another surface can be familiar with this. This is a loosely defined term
+    /// that reflects the possibility of these two surface parameters potentially being part of a
+    /// bigger superset.
+    bool IsFamiliar(const SurfaceParams& view_params) const;
+
+    /// Returns true if the pixel format is a depth and/or stencil format.
+    bool IsPixelFormatZeta() const;
+
+    /// Creates a map that redirects an address difference to a layer and mipmap level.
+    std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> CreateViewOffsetMap() const;
+
+    /// Returns true if the passed surface view parameters is equal or a valid subset of this.
+    bool IsViewValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const;
+
+private:
+    /// Calculates values that can be deduced from HasheableSurfaceParams.
+    void CalculateCachedValues();
+
+    /// Returns the size of a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(u32 level, bool as_host_size, bool layer_only,
+                                         bool uncompressed) const;
+
+    /// Returns the size of all mipmap levels and aligns as needed.
+    std::size_t GetInnerMemorySize(bool as_host_size, bool layer_only, bool uncompressed) const;
+
+    /// Returns true if the passed view width and height match the size of this params in a given
+    /// mipmap level.
+    bool IsDimensionValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns true if the passed view depth match the size of this params in a given mipmap level.
+    bool IsDepthValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns true if the passed view layers and mipmap levels are in bounds.
+    bool IsInBounds(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const;
+
+    std::size_t guest_size_in_bytes;
+    std::size_t host_size_in_bytes;
+    u32 num_layers;
+};
+
+struct ViewKey {
+    std::size_t Hash() const;
+
+    bool operator==(const ViewKey& rhs) const;
+
+    u32 base_layer{};
+    u32 num_layers{};
+    u32 base_level{};
+    u32 num_levels{};
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
+
+namespace std {
+
+template <>
+struct hash<VideoCommon::SurfaceParams> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::SurfaceParams& k) const noexcept {
+        return k.Hash();
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct hash<VideoCommon::ViewKey> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::ViewKey& k) const noexcept {
+        return k.Hash();
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace std
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+template <typename TView, typename TExecutionContext>
+class SurfaceBase {
+    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<TExecutionContext>);
+
+public:
+    virtual void LoadBuffer() = 0;
+
+    virtual TExecutionContext FlushBuffer(TExecutionContext exctx) = 0;
+
+    virtual TExecutionContext UploadTexture(TExecutionContext exctx) = 0;
+
+    TView* TryGetView(VAddr view_addr, const SurfaceParams& view_params) {
+        if (view_addr < cpu_addr || !params.IsFamiliar(view_params)) {
+            // It can't be a view if it's in a prior address.
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        const auto relative_offset{static_cast<u64>(view_addr - cpu_addr)};
+        const auto it{view_offset_map.find(relative_offset)};
+        if (it == view_offset_map.end()) {
+            // Couldn't find an aligned view.
+            return {};
+        }
+        const auto [layer, level] = it->second;
+
+        if (!params.IsViewValid(view_params, layer, level)) {
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        return GetView(layer, view_params.GetNumLayers(), level, view_params.GetNumLevels());
+    }
+
+    VAddr GetCpuAddr() const {
+        ASSERT(is_registered);
+        return cpu_addr;
+    }
+
+    u8* GetHostPtr() const {
+        ASSERT(is_registered);
+        return host_ptr;
+    }
+
+    CacheAddr GetCacheAddr() const {
+        ASSERT(is_registered);
+        return cache_addr;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetSizeInBytes() const {
+        return params.GetGuestSizeInBytes();
+    }
+
+    void MarkAsModified(bool is_modified_) {
+        is_modified = is_modified_;
+    }
+
+    const SurfaceParams& GetSurfaceParams() const {
+        return params;
+    }
+
+    TView* GetView(VAddr view_addr, const SurfaceParams& view_params) {
+        TView* view{TryGetView(view_addr, view_params)};
+        ASSERT(view != nullptr);
+        return view;
+    }
+
+    void Register(VAddr cpu_addr_, u8* host_ptr_) {
+        ASSERT(!is_registered);
+        is_registered = true;
+        cpu_addr = cpu_addr_;
+        host_ptr = host_ptr_;
+        cache_addr = ToCacheAddr(host_ptr_);
+    }
+
+    void Register(VAddr cpu_addr_) {
+        Register(cpu_addr_, Memory::GetPointer(cpu_addr_));
+    }
+
+    void Unregister() {
+        ASSERT(is_registered);
+        is_registered = false;
+    }
+
+    bool IsRegistered() const {
+        return is_registered;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    explicit SurfaceBase(const SurfaceParams& params)
+        : params{params}, view_offset_map{params.CreateViewOffsetMap()} {}
+
+    ~SurfaceBase() = default;
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<TView> CreateView(const ViewKey& view_key) = 0;
+
+    bool IsModified() const {
+        return is_modified;
+    }
+
+    const SurfaceParams params;
+
+private:
+    TView* GetView(u32 base_layer, u32 num_layers, u32 base_level, u32 num_levels) {
+        const ViewKey key{base_layer, num_layers, base_level, num_levels};
+        const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = views.try_emplace(key);
+        auto& view{entry->second};
+        if (is_cache_miss) {
+            view = CreateView(key);
+        }
+        return view.get();
+    }
+
+    const std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> view_offset_map;
+
+    VAddr cpu_addr{};
+    u8* host_ptr{};
+    CacheAddr cache_addr{};
+    bool is_modified{};
+    bool is_registered{};
+    std::unordered_map<ViewKey, std::unique_ptr<TView>> views;
+};
+
+template <typename TSurface, typename TView, typename TExecutionContext>
+class TextureCache {
+    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<TExecutionContext>);
+    using ResultType = std::tuple<TView*, TExecutionContext>;
+    using IntervalMap = boost::icl::interval_map<CacheAddr, std::set<TSurface*>>;
+    using IntervalType = typename IntervalMap::interval_type;
+
+public:
+    void InvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, std::size_t size) {
+        for (TSurface* surface : GetSurfacesInRegion(addr, size)) {
+            if (!surface->IsRegistered()) {
+                // Skip duplicates
+                continue;
+            }
+            Unregister(surface);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ResultType GetTextureSurface(TExecutionContext exctx,
+                                 const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config) {
+        auto& memory_manager{system.GPU().MemoryManager()};
+        const auto cpu_addr{memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(config.tic.Address())};
+        if (!cpu_addr) {
+            return {{}, exctx};
+        }
+        const auto params{SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(system, config)};
+        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, params, true);
+    }
+
+    ResultType GetDepthBufferSurface(TExecutionContext exctx, bool preserve_contents) {
+        const auto& regs{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs};
+        if (!regs.zeta.Address() || !regs.zeta_enable) {
+            return {{}, exctx};
+        }
+
+        auto& memory_manager{system.GPU().MemoryManager()};
+        const auto cpu_addr{memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(regs.zeta.Address())};
+        if (!cpu_addr) {
+            return {{}, exctx};
+        }
+
+        const auto depth_params{SurfaceParams::CreateForDepthBuffer(
+            system, regs.zeta_width, regs.zeta_height, regs.zeta.format,
+            regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_width, regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_height,
+            regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_depth, regs.zeta.memory_layout.type)};
+        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, depth_params, preserve_contents);
+    }
+
+    ResultType GetColorBufferSurface(TExecutionContext exctx, std::size_t index,
+                                     bool preserve_contents) {
+        ASSERT(index < Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets);
+
+        const auto& regs{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs};
+        if (index >= regs.rt_control.count || regs.rt[index].Address() == 0 ||
+            regs.rt[index].format == Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::NONE) {
+            return {{}, exctx};
+        }
+
+        auto& memory_manager{system.GPU().MemoryManager()};
+        const auto& config{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs.rt[index]};
+        const auto cpu_addr{memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(
+            config.Address() + config.base_layer * config.layer_stride * sizeof(u32))};
+        if (!cpu_addr) {
+            return {{}, exctx};
+        }
+
+        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(system, index),
+                              preserve_contents);
+    }
+
+    ResultType GetFermiSurface(TExecutionContext exctx,
+                               const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config) {
+        const auto cpu_addr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GpuToCpuAddress(config.Address())};
+        ASSERT(cpu_addr);
+        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(config),
+                              true);
+    }
+
+    TSurface* TryFindFramebufferSurface(const u8* host_ptr) const {
+        const auto it{registered_surfaces.find(ToCacheAddr(host_ptr))};
+        return it != registered_surfaces.end() ? *it->second.begin() : nullptr;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    TextureCache(Core::System& system, VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer)
+        : system{system}, rasterizer{rasterizer} {}
+
+    ~TextureCache() = default;
+
+    virtual ResultType TryFastGetSurfaceView(TExecutionContext exctx, VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr,
+                                             const SurfaceParams& params, bool preserve_contents,
+                                             const std::vector<TSurface*>& overlaps) = 0;
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<TSurface> CreateSurface(const SurfaceParams& params) = 0;
+
+    void Register(TSurface* surface, VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr) {
+        surface->Register(cpu_addr, host_ptr);
+        registered_surfaces.add({GetSurfaceInterval(surface), {surface}});
+        rasterizer.UpdatePagesCachedCount(surface->GetCpuAddr(), surface->GetSizeInBytes(), 1);
+    }
+
+    void Unregister(TSurface* surface) {
+        registered_surfaces.subtract({GetSurfaceInterval(surface), {surface}});
+        rasterizer.UpdatePagesCachedCount(surface->GetCpuAddr(), surface->GetSizeInBytes(), -1);
+        surface->Unregister();
+    }
+
+    TSurface* GetUncachedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params) {
+        if (TSurface* surface = TryGetReservedSurface(params); surface)
+            return surface;
+        // No reserved surface available, create a new one and reserve it
+        auto new_surface{CreateSurface(params)};
+        TSurface* surface{new_surface.get()};
+        ReserveSurface(params, std::move(new_surface));
+        return surface;
+    }
+
+    Core::System& system;
+
+private:
+    ResultType GetSurfaceView(TExecutionContext exctx, VAddr cpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params,
+                              bool preserve_contents) {
+        const auto host_ptr{Memory::GetPointer(cpu_addr)};
+        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
+        const auto overlaps{GetSurfacesInRegion(cache_addr, params.GetGuestSizeInBytes())};
+        if (overlaps.empty()) {
+            return LoadSurfaceView(exctx, cpu_addr, host_ptr, params, preserve_contents);
+        }
+
+        if (overlaps.size() == 1) {
+            if (TView* view = overlaps[0]->TryGetView(cpu_addr, params); view)
+                return {view, exctx};
+        }
+
+        TView* fast_view;
+        std::tie(fast_view, exctx) =
+            TryFastGetSurfaceView(exctx, cpu_addr, host_ptr, params, preserve_contents, overlaps);
+
+        for (TSurface* surface : overlaps) {
+            if (!fast_view) {
+                // Flush even when we don't care about the contents, to preserve memory not written
+                // by the new surface.
+                exctx = surface->FlushBuffer(exctx);
+            }
+            Unregister(surface);
+        }
+
+        if (fast_view) {
+            return {fast_view, exctx};
+        }
+
+        return LoadSurfaceView(exctx, cpu_addr, host_ptr, params, preserve_contents);
+    }
+
+    ResultType LoadSurfaceView(TExecutionContext exctx, VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr,
+                               const SurfaceParams& params, bool preserve_contents) {
+        TSurface* new_surface{GetUncachedSurface(params)};
+        Register(new_surface, cpu_addr, host_ptr);
+        if (preserve_contents) {
+            exctx = LoadSurface(exctx, new_surface);
+        }
+        return {new_surface->GetView(cpu_addr, params), exctx};
+    }
+
+    TExecutionContext LoadSurface(TExecutionContext exctx, TSurface* surface) {
+        surface->LoadBuffer();
+        exctx = surface->UploadTexture(exctx);
+        surface->MarkAsModified(false);
+        return exctx;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<TSurface*> GetSurfacesInRegion(CacheAddr cache_addr, std::size_t size) const {
+        if (size == 0) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        const IntervalType interval{cache_addr, cache_addr + size};
+
+        std::vector<TSurface*> surfaces;
+        for (auto& pair : boost::make_iterator_range(registered_surfaces.equal_range(interval))) {
+            surfaces.push_back(*pair.second.begin());
+        }
+        return surfaces;
+    }
+
+    void ReserveSurface(const SurfaceParams& params, std::unique_ptr<TSurface> surface) {
+        surface_reserve[params].push_back(std::move(surface));
+    }
+
+    TSurface* TryGetReservedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params) {
+        auto search{surface_reserve.find(params)};
+        if (search == surface_reserve.end()) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        for (auto& surface : search->second) {
+            if (!surface->IsRegistered()) {
+                return surface.get();
+            }
+        }
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    IntervalType GetSurfaceInterval(TSurface* surface) const {
+        return IntervalType::right_open(surface->GetCacheAddr(),
+                                        surface->GetCacheAddr() + surface->GetSizeInBytes());
+    }
+
+    VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer;
+
+    IntervalMap registered_surfaces;
+
+    /// The surface reserve is a "backup" cache, this is where we put unique surfaces that have
+    /// previously been used. This is to prevent surfaces from being constantly created and
+    /// destroyed when used with different surface parameters.
+    std::unordered_map<SurfaceParams, std::list<std::unique_ptr<TSurface>>> surface_reserve;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon